• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Composite material with heated capacity. A heatable composite material comprising: a matrix consisting of a thermosetting resin; at least one layer of a technical reinforcing textile material; at least one layer of a heated textile consisting of a thread embroidery of at least one electrically conductive material on a technical textile material; and at least one layer of a fire resistant textile. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2770148A1
    申请号:ES201831306
    申请日:2018-12-31
    公开日:2020-06-30
    发明作者:Buades Victoria Sanz；Rosello Eloi Gonga；Beltran Gabriel Martinez；Santana Eduardo Fages；Paya Juan Campos；Sanchez Vicente Cambra
    申请人:Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Textil AITEX；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0004] TECHNICAL SECTOR
    [0005] The present invention is framed within the textile sector, and more particularly relates to a new composite or composite material with heatable capacity. This material is particularly suitable for use in the construction, transport, decoration, habitat and creative industries in general.
    [0007] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0008] Different patents directed to heated fabrics have been located in the state of the art.
    [0010] Thus, for example, application EP2525625A1 refers to a heated fabric that includes electrode strips that are located along the edges of the textile article to ensure a perfect bond between the conductive strips and the fabric covered with a semiconductor resin. The conductive strip is sewn with a special thread to the fabric, after which a temperature and pressure laminate is applied to a thermal adhesive tape over the strip to prevent electrical loss due to false contacts that affect the resin coating. The heated fabric is used, inter alia, in mattresses, bedding, rugs, curtains or decorative floor and wall coverings. It can also be used to heat floors, walls and ceilings, or car interiors.
    [0012] Application US2002117493 discloses an electrical heating capable laminated fabric article having a barrier layer on the inner surface of a fabric layer and an electrical heating element with a flexible electrically conductive film, disposed between the outer surface of the barrier layer and the inner surface of the tissue layer, and adapted to generate heating when connected to a power source. The fabric manufacturing method comprises providing a fabric layer and a barrier layer; applying an electrically conductive paste to the outer surface of the barrier layer in a predetermined pattern of an electrical circuit; bonding the inner surface of the fabric layer to the outer surface of the barrier layer; and cure the electrically conductive paste to form an electrically heated element of a flexible electrically conductive film defining a electrical circuit on the outer surface of the barrier layer. The composite fabric article can be used to incorporate it into an article of clothing, for example a jacket, hat, glove, shirt, pants, socks, boots or shoes; or in a home textile item, for example, blankets, strips, or seat warmers. It is especially used in winter clothing.
    [0014] Application US5004895 describes an electric heater for use in a floor covering, floor sheet, or other flat material having an insulating layer, a number of band electrodes arranged on the insulating layer, a plastic radiation element in the electrodes, and the insulating layer, and a top layer of insulation. The insulating undercoat is, for example, resin impregnated plastic paper or film containing the top band electrode array. These are covered with the radiant layer which is made of, for example, mixed carbon powder, semiconductor ceramic and resin. The electrodes are copper and have end holes for supply connections. These layers are covered with the top insulation layer of, for example, epoxy resin. This and the radiation layer are connected to each other, for example, passing through the rollers.
    [0016] Application JP2005093076 describes an electroconductive nonwoven fabric with band electrodes that is laminated with a flexible film made of thermoplastic resin on both sides. The film is made of thermoplastic resin which is of the polyethylene condensation type or ring opening polymerization system. Non-woven fabric consists of a non-woven fabric and electroconductive fiber base material that is carbon fiber. The nonwoven fabric base material is Japanese paper raw material. The electrode is strip-shaped and curled on the surface side of the tissue. Electroconductive nonwoven fabric is used as foil type heat generator used as mat / board for prevention of melting and freezing of accumulated snow on roofs, doors, water supply pipes, traffic safety devices, electrical equipment , seedling growing units, as well as in the field of agriculture, forestry and fishing, buildings, various structures, roads, railways and vehicles. It can also be used in heat retention heaters for growing seedlings in horticulture and for roach catching machines.
    [0018] Application ES2393013 describes a heatable fabric of the type that uses electro-heating resistors for heat production, which focuses its characteristics on the fact that both the constituent wires of the electrodes and the constituent ones of the electrical resistances are an intrinsic part of the fabric, that is, they respectively form the warp and the weft of the same. Additionally, the fabric comprises a plastic covering and insulation on both sides. In this way, it is achieved that the heated fabric can be of reduced thickness and high flexibility, equivalent to that of a conventional non-heated fabric, contrary to what happens, for example, in the classic electric blankets, where the resistance remains embedded in an electrically insulating core, or in an envelope that affects both faces, determining a pronounced thickness and little flexibility. The fabric is applicable to all kinds of clothing, mattresses, bedding, curtains, vehicle interior linings, etc. It is also planned that the electrical circuit can also be powered at low voltage, increasing its safety.
    [0020] However, to date, a composite material with the optimal properties and technical characteristics offered by the composite material object of the present invention has not been described.
    [0022] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0023] The object of the invention is therefore a heatable composite material comprising: • a matrix consisting of a thermosetting resin, preferably selected from a phenolic resin, a polyester resin, a vinyl ester resin and an epoxy resin;
    [0024] • at least one layer of a technical reinforcing textile material, preferably selected from a fiberglass fabric, a carbon fabric, a fiberglass non-woven fabric, a carbon non-woven fabric, a natural fabric, a polymer-based textile and a hybrid textile;
    [0025] • at least one layer of a heated textile consisting of embroidery of threads of at least one electrically conductive material, preferably selected from metallic threads and carbon threads, on a technical textile material; and
    [0026] • at least one layer of a fire resistant textile, preferably an intumescent type textile with the capacity to increase its volume with increasing temperature, generating a layer of carbonaceous material with a foam-like structure that acts as a fire barrier for reduce thermal conductivity. This material will allow delaying, avoiding or canceling the spread of flames.
    [0028] In particular embodiments of the invention it is preferred to select the natural fabric from flax, jute and hemp. On the other hand, it is preferred that the polymer-based textile is aramid or low-density thermoplastic fibers (in particular, less than 1 g / cm3) and modulus of tensile strength greater than or equal to 200 g / den such as, for example , polyester or polypropylene fabrics.
    [0030] The technical textile material on which the electrically conductive material threads are embroidered may be of the same type as the technical reinforcing textile described above. Preferably, this technical textile material is selected from a fiberglass fabric, a glass fiber non-woven fabric, a natural fabric (preferably linen) and a polymer-based fabric (preferably aramid or low-density thermoplastic fibers (in particular, less than 1 g / cm3) and modulus of tensile strength greater than or equal to 200 g / den).
    [0032] The heatable composite material described in this document can be connected to electrodes so that the passage of current through the conductive embroidery takes place and, consequently, the material described here can be heated. These electrodes can comprise the same type of material used for embroidery, preferably metallic or carbon wires, but different conductive materials can also be used.
    [0034] The heated composite or composite material object of this invention is a rigid material, with high mechanical performance, as well as being light and thin. These properties make it particularly suitable for its final application in the construction, transport, decoration, habitat or creative industries in general.
    [0036] Unlike other alternatives described above, the heatable composite material described in this document can be manufactured by a conventional vacuum-assisted resin infusion process. In some of the alternatives, resin is used but as a coating, not as the main matrix that completely embeds the rest of the components.
    [0038] In the heatable composite material described herein, the heatable property is provided by the functional textile that has been embroidered. In other words, the present invention provides the ability to produce heat to a technical textile material by embroidering with electrically conductive threads on this material. In addition, the resin matrix in which said textile is embedded is a conventional resin for the development of thermoset composites, but it does not have conductive properties.
    [0040] The present invention allows versatility to develop composite materials based on technical textiles with custom heatable designs, since embroidery allows designs of different shapes, sizes and with different electrical conductivity, depending on the type of thread used.
    [0042] Additionally, the present invention allows to provide heating capacity to a thermosetting composite, without implying a decrease in its mechanical properties, nor a considerable increase in weight, two of the most important characteristics for a thermosetting composite.
    [0044] Another object of the invention is a manufacturing process for the heated composite material described in this document. In particular, said manufacturing process may comprise:
    [0045] (a) a step of obtaining the heated textile by embroidering the threads of at least one electrically conductive material (preferably metallic threads and / or carbon threads) on at least one technical textile, preferably selected from a fiberglass fabric , a glass fiber non-woven fabric, a natural fabric (preferably linen) and a polymer-based textile (preferably aramid or high tenacity thermoplastic fibers);
    [0046] (b) introducing at least one layer of the heatable textile obtained in the previous step, together with at least one layer of a technical reinforcing textile material and at least one layer of a fire resistant textile, as previously described, in al minus one mold, which is then closed;
    [0047] (c) injecting the thermosetting resin into the mold using a vacuum assisted resin infusion (VIP) process, preferably at a pressure of up to about 1 bar. In this way, the resin penetrates the mold due to the vacuum force and flows through the textile layers contained in it, completely impregnating them;
    [0048] (d) finally, the process comprises curing the resin, preferably at a temperature between 20 ° C and 25 ° C, giving rise to the composite material object of the invention.
    [0050] More preferably, the process could comprise a post-curing step, preferably at a temperature between 50 and 100 ° C, in order to improve the mechanical properties of the final product.
    [0052] Likewise, it is an object of the invention to use the heated composite material in the construction, transport, decoration, interior design or habitat sector in general, improving the comfort of users inside the home. In particular, heated composite materials can be developed for the covering of floors, walls or some specific furniture. For example, a chair that provides comfort in winter, or a table that keeps the food dishes warm.
    [0054] Another additional object of the invention is the use of said composite material in the graphic arts sector. Thus, the heatable composite material of the invention can be used to prevent freezing of outdoor advertising. In particular, the use of the composite described here in an advertising poster can prevent ice from forming on it and, therefore, improve the visibility of the advertising content of said poster. Another application of the composite of the invention can be in exhibitors that keep the heat of the products that are exposed on them, for example, in stands, light furniture for fairs or events.
    [0056] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [0057] In order to help a better understanding of the technical characteristics of the invention, a series of figures are included as an integral part of the description in which the following are represented, by way of illustration and not limitation:
    [0059] • Figure 1.- Examples of the embroidery design of the heated textile material, the type of design selected for the object of the invention not being limiting;
    [0060] • Figures 2 to 6 show examples of particular embodiments of the configuration that the textile layers can present in the composite material object of the invention, where the numerical references represent:
    [0061] 1. Thermosetting resin matrix;
    [0062] 2. Technical reinforcing textile material;
    [0063] 3. Fire resistant textile;
    [0064] 4. Heated embroidered textile.
    [0065] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0066] As described above, the object of the invention relates to a new composite material with heatability. Said composite material is characterized in that it comprises the textile layers that have been previously described. However, the number of layers of each textile in the composite material, as well as its configuration or arrangement in the composite may vary depending on different variables such as the final application of the composite, the thickness or mechanical characteristics that it is desired to have, etc. ., not being a limiting technical feature of the object of the invention.
    [0068] In figures 2 to 6 different particular embodiments of the composite material object of the invention have been shown, in which as it is observed the distribution of the layers in the thermosetting resin matrix, as well as the number of layers of each textile can vary, not being limiting for the heating qualities of the composite material.
    [0070] In particular embodiments of the invention, the composite material comprises an exposed face (that which is exposed to the user) that presents a better finish, in particular a smooth and uniform finish; and an unseen face (the unexposed one) that can have a larger finish.
    [0072] In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the heatable composite material of the invention may comprise (from a face to an unseen face):
    [0073] - 1 layer of linen fabric (2), weighing 400 g / m2 to obtain a smooth and uniform finish;
    [0074] - 1 layer of linen fabric with an embroidery with metallic thread (4);
    [0075] - 1 intumescent non-woven layer (3), with a grammage of 50 g / m2;
    [0076] - 6 layers of non-woven fiberglass (2) with a grammage per layer of 300g / m2; - 1 layer of linen fabric (2), with a grammage of 400 g / m2;
    [0078] All these layers are embedded in an unsaturated polyester resin matrix (1), forming a composite material with a thickness of approximately 1 cm.
    [0080] The heated capacity can be determined by connecting the heated composite material to a power source and taking measurements of the temperature it reaches through a thermal imaging camera. This technique allows graphically recording the temperature at each point of the piece.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. A heatable composite material comprising:
    • a matrix consisting of a thermosetting resin;
    • at least one layer of a technical reinforcing textile material;
    • at least one layer of a heated textile consisting of embroidery of threads of at least one electrically conductive material on a technical textile material; and
    • at least one layer of a fire resistant textile.
    [2]
    2. Composite material according to claim 1, wherein the thermosetting resin is selected from a group consisting of a phenolic resin, a polyester resin, a vinyl ester resin and an epoxy resin.
    [3]
    3. Composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the technical reinforcing textile material is selected from a group consisting of a fiberglass fabric, a carbon fabric, a fiberglass non-woven fabric, a carbon non-woven fabric, a natural fabric and a polymer-based fabric.
    [4]
    4. Composite material according to claim 3, where the natural fabric is selected from linen, jute and hemp.
    [5]
    Composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, where the wires of the electrically conductive material are selected from metallic wires and carbon wires.
    [6]
    Composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the technical textile material on which the threads of the electrically conductive material are embroidered is selected from a group consisting of a fiberglass fabric, a non-woven fabric made of fiberglass, a natural fabric and a polymer-based textile.
    [7]
    7. A manufacturing process of a composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises:
    (a) a step of obtaining the heated textile by embroidering threads of at least one electrically conductive material on at least one technical textile;
    (b) introducing at least one layer of the heated textile obtained in the previous step, together with at least one layer of a technical reinforcing textile material and at least one layer of a fire resistant textile, in at least one mold, which is close below; (c) injecting the thermosetting resin into the mold by a vacuum assisted resin infusion process;
    (d) curing the resin, giving rise to the composite material with heatable capacity.
    [8]
    8. Process according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a final post-curing stage.
    [9]
    9. Use of a heated composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the construction, transport, decoration, interior design or habitat sector in general.
    [10]
    10. Use of a heatable composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the graphic arts sector.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2770148B2|2020-12-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0250260A2|1986-06-20|1987-12-23|Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.|Use of a metal-containing conjugated yarn|
    ES2019397B3|1986-11-05|1991-06-16|Brochier Sa|TEXTILE STRUCTURE THAT ALLOWS THE REALIZATION OF STRATIFIED ARTICLES COMPOSED BY INJECTION MOLDING.|
    WO2010009972A1|2008-07-22|2010-01-28|Nv Bekaert Sa|Yarn for car seat heating with suitable lubricant|
    WO2017111687A1|2015-12-22|2017-06-29|Inuheat Group Ab|Electrically conductive yarn and a product including the yarn|
    US20180166790A1|2016-12-12|2018-06-14|Richard Chi-Hsueh|Composite fabric structure for avoiding radar detection|
    CN106637568A|2016-12-22|2017-05-10|中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所|Composite conductive fiber and preparation method thereof|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201831306A|ES2770148B2|2018-12-31|2018-12-31|COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH HEATING CAPACITY|ES201831306A| ES2770148B2|2018-12-31|2018-12-31|COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH HEATING CAPACITY|
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